Economics

Economics is the social science that studies how individuals, groups, and societies allocate scarce resources to satisfy their needs and wants. It encompasses the analysis of production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Economists examine how people make choices under conditions of scarcity, the incentives that drive behavior, and the outcomes of various economic systems.

Economics is typically divided into two main branches: microeconomics, which focuses on individual agents, markets, and the interactions between them; and macroeconomics, which looks at the economy as a whole, analyzing aggregate indicators such as GDP, unemployment rates, and inflation.

The field also investigates the role of government, market structures, and economic policies, aiming to understand how these factors influence economic performance and overall welfare. Through various models and theories, economics seeks to explain and predict human behavior in a wide array of contexts, making it a crucial discipline for understanding both individual decision-making and broader societal trends.